The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειπενP66 · P75 | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | ειπεν | | | dixit | Dixit | Said | ܐܡܪ | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | |||||
ουνP66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܬܐܘܡܐ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
θωμασP66 · P75 | Thomas | Θωμᾶς | Thomas | θωμας | | | thomas | Thomas | Thomas | ܕܡܬܐܡܪ | Thomas | Θωμᾶς | Thomas | |||||
οP66 · P75 | who | ὁ | who | ο | | | qui | — | — | — | — | ὁ | who | |||||
λεγομενοσP66 · P75 | is being named | λεγόμενος | is being named | λεγομενος | | | dicitur | dicitur | is being named | — | — | λεγόμενος | is being named | |||||
διδυμοσP66 · P75 | Didymus | Δίδυμος | Didymus | διδυμος | | | didymus | Didymus | Didymus | ܬܐܡܐ | Didymus | Δίδυμος | Didymus | |||||
τοισP66 · P75 | to the | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | suis | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | |||||
συνμαθηταισP66 · P75 | fellow disciples; | συμμαθηταῖς· | fellow disciples; | — | | | condiscipulis | condiscipulos | fellow disciples; | ܠܬܠܡܝܕܐ | fellow disciples; | συμμαθηταῖς | fellow disciples; | |||||
αγωμενP66 · P75 | Let us go | ἄγωμεν | Let us go | — | | | eamus | Eamus | Let us go | ܚܒܪܘܗܝ | Let us go | Ἄγωμεν | Let us go | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | also | καὶ | also | — | | | et | et | also | ܢܐܙܠ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
ημεισP66 · P75 | us | ἡμεῖς | us | — | | | nos | nos | us | ܐܦ | us | ἡμεῖς | us | |||||
ιναP66 · P75 | that | ἵνα | that | — | | | ut | ut | that | — | — | ἵνα | that | |||||
αποθανωμενP66 · P75 | we may die | ἀποθάνωμεν | we may die | — | | | moriamur | moriamur | we may die | ܚܢܢ | we may die | ἀποθάνωμεν | we may die | |||||
μετP66 · P75 | with | μετ᾽ | with | — | | | cum | cum | with | ܢܡܘܬ | with | μετ’ | with | |||||
αυτουP66 · P75 | Him. | αὐτοῦ. | Him. | αυτου | | | eo | eo | Him. | ܥܡܗ | Him. | αὐτοῦ | Him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||