The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Τότε | Then | τοτε | | | tunc | Tunc | Then | ܗܝܕܝܢ | Then | Τότε | Then | ||||||
| — | λέγει | says | λεγει | | | dicit | dicit | says | ܐܡܪ | says | λέγει | says | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | ei | ei | to him | ܠܗ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | post | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus; | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus; | ||||||
| — | ὕπαγε | do go away | ϋπαγε | | | uade | Vade | do go away | ܝܫܘܥ | do go away | Ὕπαγε | do go away | ||||||
| — | ὀπίσω | behind | οπισω | | | satana | Satana | behind | ܙܠ | behind | ὀπίσω | behind | ||||||
| — | μου | me | μου | | | scriptum | Scriptum | me | ܠܟ | me | μου | me | ||||||
| — | σατανᾶ· | Satan; | σατανα | | | est | est | Satan; | ܤܛܢܐ | Satan; | Σατανᾶ | Satan; | ||||||
| — | γέγραπται | it has been written | γεγραπται | | | me | — | — | — | — | γέγραπται | it has been written | ||||||
| — | γάρ· | for: | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for: | ܟܬܝܒ | for: | γάρ | for: | ||||||
| — | κύριον | The Lord | κν | | | — | Dominum | The Lord | ܓܝܪ | The Lord | Κύριον | The Lord | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | dmn | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | θεόν | God | θν | | | dm | Deum | God | ܕܠܡܪܝܐ | God | θεόν | God | ||||||
| — | σου | of you | σου | | | tuum | tuum | of you | ܐܠܗܟ | of you | σου | of you | ||||||
| — | προσκυνήσεις | you will worship | προσκυνησεις | | | adorabis | adorabis | you will worship | ܬܤܓܘܕ | you will worship | προσκυνήσεις | you will worship | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | Him | αυτω | | | ipsi | illi | Him | ܘܠܗ | Him | αὐτῷ | Him | ||||||
| — | μόνῳ | alone | μονω | | | soli | soli | alone | ܒܠܚܘܕܘܗܝ | alone | μόνῳ | alone | ||||||
| — | λατρεύσεις. | will you serve.’ | λατρευσεις | | | seruies | servies | will you serve.’ | ܬܦܠܘܚ | will you serve.’ | λατρεύσεις | will you serve.’ | ||||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||