The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | διδάσκοντες | teaching | διδασκοντες | | | docentes | docentes | teaching | ܘܐܠܦܘ | teaching | διδάσκοντες | teaching | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | them | αυτους | | | eos | eos | them | ܐܢܘܢ | them | αὐτοὺς | them | ||||||
| — | τηρεῖν | to observe | τηρειν | | | seruare | servare | to observe | ܕܢܛܪܘܢ | to observe | τηρεῖν | to observe | ||||||
| — | πάντα | all things | παντα | | | omnia | omnia | all things | — | — | πάντα | all things | ||||||
| — | ὅσα | as much as | οσα | | | quanta | quæcumque | as much as | ܟܠ | as much as | ὅσα | as much as | ||||||
| — | ἐνετειλάμην | I commanded | ενετειλαμην | | | mandaui | mandavi | I commanded | ܡܐ | I commanded | ἐνετειλάμην | I commanded | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν· | you; | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | you; | ܕܦܩܕܬܟܘܢ | you; | ὑμῖν | you; | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | et | And | ܘܗܐ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἰδοὺ | behold | ϊδου | | | ecce | ecce | behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδού | behold | ||||||
| — | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐγὼ | I myself | ||||||
| — | μεθ᾽ | with | — | | | ego | ego | with | ܥܡܟܘܢ | with | μεθ’ | with | ||||||
| — | ὑμῶν | you | — | | | uobiscum | vobiscum | you | ܐܢܐ | you | ὑμῶν | you | ||||||
| — | εἰμι | am | ειμι | | | sum | sum | am | ܟܠܗܘܢ | am | εἰμι | am | ||||||
| — | πάσας | all | πασας | | | omnibus | omnibus | all | ܝܘܡܬܐ | all | πάσας | all | ||||||
| — | τὰς | the | τας | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | ||||||
| — | ἡμέρας | days | ημερας | | | diebus | diebus | days | ܥܕܡܐ | days | ἡμέρας | days | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | usque | usque | until | — | — | ἕως | until | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | in | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | ||||||
| — | συντελείας | completion | συντελειας | | | — | ad | completion | ܠܫܘܠܡܗ | completion | συντελείας | completion | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | of the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | ||||||
| — | αἰῶνος. | age. | αιωνος | | | consummationem | consummationem | age. | ܕܥܠܡܐ | age. | αἰῶνος | age. | ||||||
| — | ἀμήν¶ | Amen | — | | | saeculi | sæculi | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | Amen | Ἀμήν | Amen | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 1:7 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||