The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܥܠ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | εἰσῆλθεν | entered | εισηλθεν | | | introiit | intravit | entered | ܝܫܘܥ | entered | εἰσῆλθεν | entered | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | eiecit | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܠܗܝܟܠܐ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | ἱερὸν | temple | ϊερον | | | templum | templum | temple | ܕܐܠܗܐ | temple | ἱερὸν | temple | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεοῦ | of God | θυ | | | dei | Dei | of God | — | — | θεοῦ | of God | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܐܦܩ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐξέβαλεν | cast out | εξεβαλε | | | — | ejiciebat | cast out | ܠܟܠܗܘܢ | cast out | ἐξέβαλεν | cast out | ||||||
| — | πάντας | all | παντας | | | omnes | omnes | all | ܕܙܒܢܝܢ | all | πάντας | all | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | those | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | those | ||||||
| — | πωλοῦντας | selling | πωλουντας | | | uendentes | vendentes | selling | — | — | πωλοῦντας | selling | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܡܙܒܢܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἀγοράζοντας | buying | αγοραζοντας | | | ementes | ementes | buying | ܒܗܝܟܠܐ | buying | ἀγοράζοντας | buying | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | — | — | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | ἱερῷ, | temple, | ϊερω | | | templo | templo | temple, | ܘܤܚܦ | temple, | ἱερῷ | temple, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܦܬܘܪܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τὰς | the | τας | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | ||||||
| — | τραπέζας | tables | τραπεζας | | | mensas | mensas | tables | ܕܡܥܪܦܢܐ | tables | τραπέζας | tables | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | ||||||
| — | κολλυβιστῶν | money changers | κολλυβιστων | | | numulariorum | numulariorum | money changers | — | — | κολλυβιστῶν | money changers | ||||||
| — | κατέστρεψεν | He overturned | κατεστρεψεν | | | et | et | He overturned | ܘܟܘܪܤܘܬܐ | He overturned | κατέστρεψεν | He overturned | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | cathedras | cathedras | and | ܕܗܢܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τὰς | the | τας | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | ||||||
| — | καθέδρας | seats | καθεδρας | | | uendentium | vendentium | seats | — | — | καθέδρας | seats | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of those | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of those | ||||||
| — | πωλούντων | selling | πωλουντων | | | columbas | columbas | selling | ܕܡܙܒܢܝܢ | selling | πωλούντων | selling | ||||||
| — | τὰς | the | τας | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | ||||||
| — | περιστεράς. | doves. | περιστερας | | | euertit | evertit | doves. | ܝܘܢܐ | doves. | περιστεράς | doves. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||