The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Τότε | Then | τοτε | | | tunc | Tunc | Then | ܗܝܕܝܢ | Then | Τότε | Then | ||||||
| — | ἐπληρώθη | was fulfilled | επληρωθη | | | a | adimpletum | was fulfilled | ܐܬܡܠܝ | was fulfilled | ἐπληρώθη | was fulfilled | ||||||
| — | τὸ | that | το | | | est | — | — | — | — | τὸ | that | ||||||
| — | ῥηθὲν | having been spoken | ρηθεν | | | quod | quod | having been spoken | ܡܕܡ | having been spoken | ῥηθὲν | having been spoken | ||||||
| — | διὰ | through | δια | | | dictum | dictum | through | ܕܐܬܐܡܪ | through | ὑπὸ | through | ||||||
| — | Ἰερεμίου | Jeremiah | — | | | est | est | Jeremiah | ܒܝܕ | Jeremiah | Ἰερεμίου | Jeremiah | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | per | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | προφήτου | prophet | προφητου | | | completum | Jeremiam | prophet | ܐܪܡܝܐ | prophet | προφήτου | prophet | ||||||
| — | λέγοντος· | saying; | λεγοντος | | | prophetam | prophetam | saying; | ܢܒܝܐ | saying; | λέγοντος | saying; | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 2:22 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||