The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | and | — | | | respondens | — | — | ܥܢܐ | and | Καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | Ἀποκριθεὶς | Answering | αποκριθεις | | | autem | Respondens | answering | ܝܫܘܥ | Answering | ἀποκριθεὶς | Answering | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | ihs | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | ὁ | now | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | &om; | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | dixit | Jesus | Jesus | ܘܐܡܪ | Jesus | εἶπεν | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | said | ειπεν | | | — | dixit | said | ܠܗ | said | αὐτῷ | said | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to him; | — | | | beatus | ei | to him | — | — | Μακάριος | to him; | ||||||
| — | μακάριος | Blessed | μακαριος | | | es | Beatus | blessed | ܛܘܒܝܟ | Blessed | εἶ | Blessed | ||||||
| — | εἶ, | are you, | ει | | | simon | es | you are | ܫܡܥܘܢ | are you, | Σίμων | are you, | ||||||
| — | Σίμων | Simon | σιμων | | | bar | Simon | Simon | ܒܪܗ | Simon | Βαριωνᾶ | Simon | ||||||
| — | Βαριωνᾶ, | Barjona! | βαριωνα | | | iona | Bar Jona | son of Jona | — | — | ὅτι | Barjona! | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | For | οτι | | | quia | quia | For | ܕܝܘܢܐ | For | σὰρξ | For | ||||||
| — | σὰρξ | flesh | σαρξ | | | caro | caro | flesh | ܕܒܤܪܐ | flesh | καὶ | flesh | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | αἷμα | and | ||||||
| — | αἷμα | blood | αιμα | | | sanguis | sanguis | blood | ܘܕܡܐ | blood | οὐκ | blood | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | ἀπεκάλυψέν | not | ||||||
| — | ἀπεκάλυψέν | revealed it | απεκαλυψεν | | | reuelauit | revelavit | revealed it | ܓܠܐ | revealed it | σοι | revealed it | ||||||
| — | σοι | to you | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | to you | — | — | ἀλλ’ | to you | ||||||
| — | ἀλλ᾽ | but | αλλ | | | sed | sed | but | ܠܟ | but | ὁ | but | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | est | — | — | — | — | πατήρ | the | ||||||
| — | πατήρ | Father | πατηρ | | | pater | Pater | Father | ܐܠܐ | Father | μου | Father | ||||||
| — | μου | of Mine | μου | | | — | meus | of Mine | — | — | ὁ | of Mine | ||||||
| — | ὁ | who is | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐν | who is | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | qui | est in | is in | ܐܒܝ | in | τοῖς | in | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | the | τοις | | | caelis | — | — | — | — | οὐρανοῖς | the | ||||||
| — | οὐρανοῖς. | heavens. | ουρανοις | | | in | cælis | the heavens | ܕܒܫܡܝܐ | heavens. | οὐρανοῖς. | heavens. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||