The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | πῶς | How | πως | | | quomodo | Quare | How | ܐܝܟܢ | How | Πῶς | How | ||||||
| — | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | οὐ | not | ||||||
| — | νοεῖτε | understand you | νοειτε | | | intellegistis | intelligitis | understand you | ܐܤܬܟܠܬܘܢ | understand you | νοεῖτε | understand you | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quia | quia | that | ܕܠܐ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܗܘܐ | not | οὐ | not | ||||||
| — | περὶ | concerning | περι | | | de | de | concerning | ܥܠ | concerning | περὶ | concerning | ||||||
| — | ἄρτων | loaves | — | | | panibus | pane | loaves | ܠܚܡܐ | loaves | ἄρτου | loaves | ||||||
| — | εἶπον | I spoke | ειπον | | | — | — | — | — | — | εἶπον | I spoke | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν; | to you? | — | | | dixi | dixi | to you? | ܐܡܪܬ | to you? | ὑμῖν | to you? | ||||||
| — | προσέχετε | do beware | προσεχετε | | | — | vobis | do beware | ܠܟܘܢ | do beware | προσέχειν | do beware | ||||||
| — | δὲ | also | — | | | de | Cavete | also | ܕܝܢ | but | ἀπὸ | also | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | of | απο | | | attendite | a | of | ܕܬܙܕܗܪܘܢ | of | τῆς | of | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | ζύμης | the | ||||||
| — | ζύμης | leaven | ζυμης | | | fermento | fermento | leaven | ܡܢ | leaven | τῶν | leaven | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | Φαρισαίων | of the | ||||||
| — | Φαρισαίων | Pharisees | φαρισαιων | | | farisaeorum | pharisæorum | Pharisees | ܚܡܝܪܐ | Pharisees | καὶ | Pharisees | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܕܦܪܝܫܐ | and | Σαδδουκαίων | and | ||||||
| — | Σαδδουκαίων.¶ | Sadducees! | σαδδουκαιων | | | sadducaeorum | sadducæorum | Sadducees! | ܘܕܙܕܘܩܝܐ | Sadducees! | Σαδδουκαίων.¶ | Sadducees! | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||