The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | qui | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | — | ille | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | dixit | dixit | Jesus | ܐܡܪ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν· | He said; | ειπεν | | | adhuc | Adhuc | He said; | ܠܗܘܢ | He said; | εἶπεν | He said; | ||||||
| — | ἀκμὴν | Still | — | | | et | et | Still | ܥܕܡܐ | Still | Ἀκμὴν | Still | ||||||
| — | καὶ | also | και | | | uos | vos | also | ܠܗܫܐ | also | καὶ | also | ||||||
| — | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | ϋμεις | | | autem | sine | you yourselves | ܐܦ | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | ||||||
| — | ἀσύνετοί | without understanding | ασυνετοι | | | insipientes | intellectu | without understanding | ܐܢܬܘܢ | without understanding | ἀσύνετοί | without understanding | ||||||
| — | ἐστε; | are? | εστε | | | estis | estis | are? | ܠܐ | are? | ἐστε | are? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||