Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
καιP88		And	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܠܐ	And	Καὶ	And
ουδεισP88		no one	οὐδεὶς	no one	ουδεις	\|	nemo	nemo	no one	ܐܢܫ	no one	οὐδεὶς	no one
βαλλειP88		puts	βάλλει	puts	βαλλει	\|	mittit	mittit	puts	—	—	βάλλει	puts
οινονP88		wine	οἶνον	wine	οινον	\|	uinum	vinum	wine	ܪܡܐ	wine	οἶνον	wine
νεονP88		new	νέον	new	νεον	\|	nouellum	novum	new	ܚܡܪܐ	new	νέον	new
εισP88		into	εἰς	into	εις	\|	in	in	into	ܚܕܬܐ	into	εἰς	into
ασκουσP88		wineskins	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins	ασκους	\|	utres	utres	wineskins	—	—	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins
παλαιουσP88		old;	παλαιούς·	old;	παλαιους	\|	disrumpet	—	—	ܒܙܩܐ	old;	παλαιούς	old;
ειP88		lest	εἰ	lest	ει	\|	ueteres	veteres	lest	ܒܠܝܬܐ	lest	εἰ	lest
δεP88		then	δὲ	then	δε	\|	alioquin	alioquin	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
μηP88		except,	μή,	except,	μη	\|	—	dirumpet	except,	—	—	μή	except,
ρηξειP88		will burst	ῥήξει	will burst	ρηξει	\|	uinum	vinum	will burst	ܚܡܪܐ	will burst	ῥήσσει	will burst
οP88		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
οινοσP88		wine	οἶνος	wine	οινος	\|	utres	utres	wine	ܡܨܪܐ	wine	οἶνος	wine
τουσP88		<the>	ὁ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
ασκουσP88		new	νέος	new	—	\|	et	et	new	—	—	νέος	new
καιP88		the	τοὺς	the	τους	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοὺς	the
οP88		wineskins	ἀσκούς,	wineskins	ασκους	\|	uinum	vinum	wineskins	ܠܙܩܐ	wineskins	ἀσκούς	wineskins
οινοσP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	—	effundetur	and	ܘܙܩܐ	and	καὶ	and
απολλυταιP88		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
καιP88		wine	οἶνος	wine	οινος	\|	et	et	wine	ܐܒܕܢ	wine	οἶνος	wine
οιP88		is destroyed	ἀπόλλυται	is destroyed	—	\|	utres	utres	is destroyed	—	—	ἐκχεῖται	is destroyed
ασκοιP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	peribunt	peribunt	and	ܘܚܡܪܐ	and	καὶ	and
αλλαP88		the	οἱ	the	οι	\|	—	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
οινονP88		wineskins	ἀσκοί	wineskins	ασκοι	\|	—	sed	wineskins	ܡܬܐܫܕ	wineskins	ἀσκοὶ	wineskins
νεονP88		will perish;	ἀπολοῦνται·	will perish;	απολουνται	\|	—	—	—	ܐܠܐ	will perish;	ἀπολοῦνται	will perish;
εισP88		Instead	ἀλλ᾽	Instead	—	\|	—	vinum	Instead	—	—	ἀλλὰ	Instead
ασκουσP88		wine	οἶνον	wine	—	\|	—	novum	wine	ܪܡܝܢ	wine	οἶνον	wine
καινουσP88		new	νέον	new	—	\|	—	in	new	ܚܡܪܐ	new	νέον	new
βλητεονP88		into	εἰς	into	—	\|	—	utres	into	ܚܕܬܐ	into	εἰς	into
ἀσκοὺςP88		wineskins	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins	—	\|	—	novos	wineskins	—	—	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins
καινούςP88		new	καινούς	new	—	\|	—	mitti	new	ܒܙܩܐ	new	καινοὺς	new
βλητέον.¶P88		must be put.	βλητέον.¶	must be put.	—	\|	—	debet	must be put.	ܚܕܬܬܐ	must be put.	βλητέον	must be put.
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
καιP88		And	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܠܐ	And	Καὶ	And
ουδεισP88		no one	οὐδεὶς	no one	ουδεις	\|	nemo	nemo	no one	ܐܢܫ	no one	οὐδεὶς	no one
βαλλειP88		puts	βάλλει	puts	βαλλει	\|	mittit	mittit	puts	—	—	βάλλει	puts
οινονP88		wine	οἶνον	wine	οινον	\|	uinum	vinum	wine	ܪܡܐ	wine	οἶνον	wine
νεονP88		new	νέον	new	νεον	\|	nouellum	novum	new	ܚܡܪܐ	new	νέον	new
εισP88		into	εἰς	into	εις	\|	in	in	into	ܚܕܬܐ	into	εἰς	into
ασκουσP88		wineskins	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins	ασκους	\|	utres	utres	wineskins	—	—	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins
παλαιουσP88		old;	παλαιούς·	old;	παλαιους	\|	disrumpet	—	—	ܒܙܩܐ	old;	παλαιούς	old;
ειP88		lest	εἰ	lest	ει	\|	ueteres	veteres	lest	ܒܠܝܬܐ	lest	εἰ	lest
δεP88		then	δὲ	then	δε	\|	alioquin	alioquin	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
μηP88		except,	μή,	except,	μη	\|	—	dirumpet	except,	—	—	μή	except,
ρηξειP88		will burst	ῥήξει	will burst	ρηξει	\|	uinum	vinum	will burst	ܚܡܪܐ	will burst	ῥήσσει	will burst
οP88		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
οινοσP88		wine	οἶνος	wine	οινος	\|	utres	utres	wine	ܡܨܪܐ	wine	οἶνος	wine
τουσP88		<the>	ὁ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
ασκουσP88		new	νέος	new	—	\|	et	et	new	—	—	νέος	new
καιP88		the	τοὺς	the	τους	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοὺς	the
οP88		wineskins	ἀσκούς,	wineskins	ασκους	\|	uinum	vinum	wineskins	ܠܙܩܐ	wineskins	ἀσκούς	wineskins
οινοσP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	—	effundetur	and	ܘܙܩܐ	and	καὶ	and
απολλυταιP88		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
καιP88		wine	οἶνος	wine	οινος	\|	et	et	wine	ܐܒܕܢ	wine	οἶνος	wine
οιP88		is destroyed	ἀπόλλυται	is destroyed	—	\|	utres	utres	is destroyed	—	—	ἐκχεῖται	is destroyed
ασκοιP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	peribunt	peribunt	and	ܘܚܡܪܐ	and	καὶ	and
αλλαP88		the	οἱ	the	οι	\|	—	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
οινονP88		wineskins	ἀσκοί	wineskins	ασκοι	\|	—	sed	wineskins	ܡܬܐܫܕ	wineskins	ἀσκοὶ	wineskins
νεονP88		will perish;	ἀπολοῦνται·	will perish;	απολουνται	\|	—	—	—	ܐܠܐ	will perish;	ἀπολοῦνται	will perish;
εισP88		Instead	ἀλλ᾽	Instead	—	\|	—	vinum	Instead	—	—	ἀλλὰ	Instead
ασκουσP88		wine	οἶνον	wine	—	\|	—	novum	wine	ܪܡܝܢ	wine	οἶνον	wine
καινουσP88		new	νέον	new	—	\|	—	in	new	ܚܡܪܐ	new	νέον	new
βλητεονP88		into	εἰς	into	—	\|	—	utres	into	ܚܕܬܐ	into	εἰς	into
ἀσκοὺςP88		wineskins	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins	—	\|	—	novos	wineskins	—	—	ἀσκοὺς	wineskins
καινούςP88		new	καινούς	new	—	\|	—	mitti	new	ܒܙܩܐ	new	καινοὺς	new
βλητέον.¶P88		must be put.	βλητέον.¶	must be put.	—	\|	—	debet	must be put.	ܚܕܬܬܐ	must be put.	βλητέον	must be put.
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Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

καιP88

And

Καὶ

And

και

And

ܘܠܐ

And

Καὶ

And

ουδεισP88

no one

οὐδεὶς

no one

ουδεις

nemo

no one

ܐܢܫ

no one

οὐδεὶς

no one

βαλλειP88

puts

βάλλει

puts

βαλλει

mittit

puts

—

βάλλει

puts

οινονP88

wine

οἶνον

wine

οινον

uinum

vinum

wine

ܪܡܐ

wine

οἶνον

wine

νεονP88

new

νέον

new

νεον

nouellum

novum

new

ܚܡܪܐ

new

νέον

new

εισP88

into

εἰς

into

εις

into

ܚܕܬܐ

into

εἰς

into

ασκουσP88

wineskins

ἀσκοὺς

wineskins

ασκους

utres

wineskins

—

ἀσκοὺς

wineskins

παλαιουσP88

old;

παλαιούς·

old;

παλαιους

disrumpet

—

ܒܙܩܐ

old;

παλαιούς

old;

ειP88

lest

εἰ

lest

ει

ueteres

veteres

lest

ܒܠܝܬܐ

lest

εἰ

lest

δεP88

then

δὲ

then

δε

alioquin

then

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

then

μηP88

except,

μή,

except,

μη

—

dirumpet

except,

—

μή

except,

ρηξειP88

will burst

ῥήξει

will burst

ρηξει

uinum

vinum

will burst

ܚܡܪܐ

will burst

ῥήσσει

will burst

οP88

the

ὁ

the

—

ὁ

the

οινοσP88

wine

οἶνος

wine

οινος

utres

wine

ܡܨܪܐ

wine

οἶνος

wine

τουσP88

<the>

ὁ

<the>

—

ὁ

<the>

ασκουσP88

new

νέος

new

—

new

—

νέος

new

καιP88

the

τοὺς

the

τους

—

τοὺς

the

οP88

wineskins

ἀσκούς,

wineskins

ασκους

uinum

vinum

wineskins

ܠܙܩܐ

wineskins

ἀσκούς

wineskins

οινοσP88

and

καὶ

and

και

—

effundetur

and

ܘܙܩܐ

and

καὶ

and

απολλυταιP88

the

ὁ

the

—

ὁ

the

καιP88

wine

οἶνος

wine

οινος

wine

ܐܒܕܢ

wine

οἶνος

wine

οιP88

is destroyed

ἀπόλλυται

is destroyed

—

utres

is destroyed

—

ἐκχεῖται

is destroyed

ασκοιP88

and

καὶ

and

και

peribunt

and

ܘܚܡܪܐ

and

καὶ

and

αλλαP88

the

οἱ

the

οι

—

οἱ

the

οινονP88

wineskins

ἀσκοί

wineskins

ασκοι

—

sed

wineskins

ܡܬܐܫܕ

wineskins

ἀσκοὶ

wineskins

νεονP88

will perish;

ἀπολοῦνται·

will perish;

απολουνται

—

ܐܠܐ

will perish;

ἀπολοῦνται

will perish;

εισP88

Instead

ἀλλ᾽

Instead

—

vinum

Instead

—

ἀλλὰ

Instead

ασκουσP88

wine

οἶνον

wine

—

novum

wine

ܪܡܝܢ

wine

οἶνον

wine

καινουσP88

new

νέον

new

—

new

ܚܡܪܐ

new

νέον

new

βλητεονP88

into

εἰς

into

—

utres

into

ܚܕܬܐ

into

εἰς

into

ἀσκοὺςP88

wineskins

ἀσκοὺς

wineskins

—

novos

wineskins

—

ἀσκοὺς

wineskins

καινούςP88

new

καινούς

new

—

mitti

new

ܒܙܩܐ

new

καινοὺς

new

βλητέον.¶P88

must be put.

βλητέον.¶

must be put.

—

debet

must be put.

ܚܕܬܬܐ

must be put.

βλητέον

must be put.

Next Verse Available

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 2:22

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 2:22

Translation Lineage