The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἔσονται | will be in | εσονται | | | erunt | Erunt | will be in | ܢܗܘܐ | will be in | Ἔσονται | will be in | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | αἱ | the | αι | | | modo | — | — | — | — | αἱ | the | ||||||
| — | ἡμέραι | days | ημεραι | | | diebus | dies | days | — | — | ἡμέραι | days | ||||||
| — | ἐκεῖναι | those | εκειναι | | | illis | illi | those | ܒܝܘܡܬܐ | those | ἐκεῖναι | those | ||||||
| — | θλῖψις | tribulation | θλειψεις | | | tribulationes | tribulationes | tribulation | ܗܢܘܢ | tribulation | θλίψις | tribulation | ||||||
| — | οἵα | such as | — | | | — | — | — | ܐܘܠܨܢܐ | such as | οἵα | such as | ||||||
| — | οὐ | never | — | | | tales | tales | never | ܕܠܐ | never | οὐ | never | ||||||
| — | γέγονεν | has been | — | | | quales | quales | has been | — | — | γέγονεν | has been | ||||||
| — | τοιαύτη | the like | — | | | non | non | the like | ܗܘܐ | the like | τοιαύτη | the like | ||||||
| — | ἀπ᾽ | from the | απ | | | fuerunt | fuerunt | from the | ܐܟܘܬܗ | from the | ἀπ’ | from the | ||||||
| — | ἀρχῆς | beginning | αρχης | | | ab | ab | beginning | ܡܢ | beginning | ἀρχῆς | beginning | ||||||
| — | κτίσεως | of creation | κτισεως | | | initio | initio | of creation | ܪܝܫ | of creation | κτίσεως | of creation | ||||||
| — | ἣν | which | — | | | creaturae | creaturæ | which | — | — | ἧς | which | ||||||
| — | ἔκτισεν | created | — | | | — | quam | created | ܒܪܝܬܐ | created | ἔκτισεν | created | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | — | | | erunt | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεὸς | God | — | | | — | condidit | God | ܕܒܪܐ | God | θεὸς | God | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | — | — | — | ܐܠܗܐ | until | ἕως | until | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | post | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | νῦν | now — | νυν | | | — | Deus | now — | ܥܕܡܐ | now — | νῦν | now — | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | usque | usque | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οὐ | certainly | — | | | — | nunc | certainly | ܠܗܫܐ | certainly | οὐ | certainly | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | neque | neque | not | ܘܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | γένηται. | may happen. | — | | | haec | fient | may happen. | ܢܗܘܐ | may happen. | γένηται | may happen. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||