The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐάν | if | — | | | si | si | if | ܐܢܫ | if | ἐάν | if | ||||||
| — | τις | anyone | τις | | | quis | quis | anyone | — | — | τις | anyone | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | soluitis | — | — | ܢܐܡܪ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | εἴπῃ· | may say; | ειπη | | | uobis | vobis | may say; | ܠܟܘܢ | may say; | εἴπῃ | may say; | ||||||
| — | τί | Why | τι | | | dixerit | dixerit | Why | ܡܢܐ | Why | Τί | Why | ||||||
| — | ποιεῖτε | are you doing | — | | | quid | Quid | are you doing | ܥܒܕܝܢ | are you doing | ποιεῖτε | are you doing | ||||||
| — | τοῦτο; | this?’ | — | | | — | facitis | this?’ | — | — | τοῦτο | this?’ | ||||||
| — | εἴπατε | do say | ειπατε | | | dicite | dicite | do say | ܐܢܬܘܢ | do say | εἴπατε | do say | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | pullum | — | — | ܗܕܐ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | dmo | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | κύριος | Lord | — | | | quia | quia | Lord | ܐܡܪܘ | Lord | κύριος | Lord | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of it | αυτου | | | — | Domino | of it | ܠܗ | of it | αὐτοῦ | of it | ||||||
| — | χρείαν | need | χρειαν | | | necessarius | necessarius | need | — | — | χρείαν | need | ||||||
| — | ἔχει, | has, | εχει | | | est | est | has, | ܕܠܡܪܢ | has, | ἔχει | has, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܡܬܒܥܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | εὐθὺς | soon | ευθυς | | | continuo | continuo | soon | ܘܡܚܕܐ | soon | εὐθέως | soon | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | it | αυτον | | | iterum | — | — | ܡܫܕܪ | it | αὐτὸν | it | ||||||
| — | ἀποστέλλει | He sends | αποστελλει | | | illum | illum | He sends | — | — | ἀποστέλλει | He sends | ||||||
| — | πάλιν | back | παλιν | | | dimittet | dimittet | back | ܠܗ | back | ὧδε | back | ||||||
| — | ὧδε. | here. | ωδε | | | hoc | huc | here. | ܠܟܐ | here. | ὧδε. | here. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||