Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܥܠ	And	Καὶ	And
		—	ἔρχονται	they come	—	\|	uentium	veniunt	they come	ܝܫܘܥ	they come	ἔρχονται	they come
		—	εἰς	to	—	\|	in	in	to	—	—	εἰς	to
		—	Ἱεροσόλυμα,	Jerusalem,	—	\|	hierosolyma	Jerosolymam	Jerusalem,	ܠܗܝܟܠܐ	Jerusalem,	Ἱεροσόλυμα	Jerusalem,
		—	καὶ	And	—	\|	et	Et	And	ܕܐܠܗܐ	And	καὶ	And
		—	εἰσελθὼν	having entered	εισελθων	\|	cum	cum	having entered	—	—	εἰσελθὼν	having entered
		—	ὁ	<the>	—	\|	esset	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
		—	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus	—	\|	intrauerunt	introisset	Jesus	ܘܫܪܝ	Jesus	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus
		—	εἰς	into	εις	\|	in	in	into	ܕܢܦܩ	into	εἰς	into
		—	τὸ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
		—	ἱερὸν	temple	—	\|	templum	templum	temple	—	—	ἱερὸν	temple
		—	ἤρξατο	He began	—	\|	—	cœpit	He began	ܠܐܝܠܝܢ	He began	ἤρξατο	He began
		—	ἐκβάλλειν	to cast out	—	\|	—	ejicere	to cast out	ܕܙܒܢܝܢ	to cast out	ἐκβάλλειν	to cast out
		—	τοὺς	those	—	\|	coepit	—	—	—	—	τοὺς	those
		—	πωλοῦντας	selling	—	\|	uendentes	vendentes	selling	—	—	πωλοῦντας	selling
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܙܒܢܝܢ	and	καὶ	and
		—	τοὺς	those	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἀγοράζοντας	those
		—	ἀγοράζοντας	buying	—	\|	ementes	ementes	buying	ܒܗܝܟܠܐ	buying	ἐν	buying
		—	ἐν	in	εν	\|	inde	in	in	ܘܗܦܟ	in	τῷ	in
		—	τῷ	the	τω	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἱερῷ	the
		—	ἱερῷ,	temple,	ϊερω	\|	templo	templo	temple,	—	—	καὶ	temple,
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܦܬܘܪܐ	and	τὰς	and
		—	τὰς	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τραπέζας	the
		—	τραπέζας	tables	—	\|	mensas	mensas	tables	ܕܡܥܪܦܢܐ	tables	τῶν	tables
		—	τῶν	of the	—	\|	eicere	—	—	—	—	κολλυβιστῶν	of the
		—	κολλυβιστῶν	money changers	—	\|	nummulariorum	numulariorum	money changers	—	—	καὶ	money changers
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܟܘܪܤܘܬܐ	and	τὰς	and
		—	τὰς	the	τας	\|	—	—	—	—	—	καθέδρας	the
		—	καθέδρας	seats	—	\|	cathedras	cathedras	seats	ܕܗܢܘܢ	seats	τῶν	seats
		—	τῶν	of those	των	\|	—	—	—	—	—	πωλούντων	of those
		—	πωλούντων	selling	—	\|	—	vendentium	selling	—	—	τὰς	selling
		—	τὰς	the	τας	\|	in	—	—	—	—	περιστερὰς	the
		—	περιστερὰς	doves	—	\|	columbas	columbas	doves	ܕܡܙܒܢܝܢ	doves	κατέστρεψεν	doves
		—	κατέστρεψεν	He overturned	—	\|	euertit	evertit	He overturned	ܝܘܢܐ	He overturned	κατέστρεψεν	He overturned
	Next Fragment: Mark 11:27
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܥܠ	And	Καὶ	And
	—	ἔρχονται	they come	—	\|	uentium	veniunt	they come	ܝܫܘܥ	they come	ἔρχονται	they come
	—	εἰς	to	—	\|	in	in	to	—	—	εἰς	to
	—	Ἱεροσόλυμα,	Jerusalem,	—	\|	hierosolyma	Jerosolymam	Jerusalem,	ܠܗܝܟܠܐ	Jerusalem,	Ἱεροσόλυμα	Jerusalem,
	—	καὶ	And	—	\|	et	Et	And	ܕܐܠܗܐ	And	καὶ	And
	—	εἰσελθὼν	having entered	εισελθων	\|	cum	cum	having entered	—	—	εἰσελθὼν	having entered
	—	ὁ	<the>	—	\|	esset	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
	—	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus	—	\|	intrauerunt	introisset	Jesus	ܘܫܪܝ	Jesus	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus
	—	εἰς	into	εις	\|	in	in	into	ܕܢܦܩ	into	εἰς	into
	—	τὸ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
	—	ἱερὸν	temple	—	\|	templum	templum	temple	—	—	ἱερὸν	temple
	—	ἤρξατο	He began	—	\|	—	cœpit	He began	ܠܐܝܠܝܢ	He began	ἤρξατο	He began
	—	ἐκβάλλειν	to cast out	—	\|	—	ejicere	to cast out	ܕܙܒܢܝܢ	to cast out	ἐκβάλλειν	to cast out
	—	τοὺς	those	—	\|	coepit	—	—	—	—	τοὺς	those
	—	πωλοῦντας	selling	—	\|	uendentes	vendentes	selling	—	—	πωλοῦντας	selling
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܙܒܢܝܢ	and	καὶ	and
	—	τοὺς	those	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἀγοράζοντας	those
	—	ἀγοράζοντας	buying	—	\|	ementes	ementes	buying	ܒܗܝܟܠܐ	buying	ἐν	buying
	—	ἐν	in	εν	\|	inde	in	in	ܘܗܦܟ	in	τῷ	in
	—	τῷ	the	τω	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἱερῷ	the
	—	ἱερῷ,	temple,	ϊερω	\|	templo	templo	temple,	—	—	καὶ	temple,
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܦܬܘܪܐ	and	τὰς	and
	—	τὰς	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τραπέζας	the
	—	τραπέζας	tables	—	\|	mensas	mensas	tables	ܕܡܥܪܦܢܐ	tables	τῶν	tables
	—	τῶν	of the	—	\|	eicere	—	—	—	—	κολλυβιστῶν	of the
	—	κολλυβιστῶν	money changers	—	\|	nummulariorum	numulariorum	money changers	—	—	καὶ	money changers
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܟܘܪܤܘܬܐ	and	τὰς	and
	—	τὰς	the	τας	\|	—	—	—	—	—	καθέδρας	the
	—	καθέδρας	seats	—	\|	cathedras	cathedras	seats	ܕܗܢܘܢ	seats	τῶν	seats
	—	τῶν	of those	των	\|	—	—	—	—	—	πωλούντων	of those
	—	πωλούντων	selling	—	\|	—	vendentium	selling	—	—	τὰς	selling
	—	τὰς	the	τας	\|	in	—	—	—	—	περιστερὰς	the
	—	περιστερὰς	doves	—	\|	columbas	columbas	doves	ܕܡܙܒܢܝܢ	doves	κατέστρεψεν	doves
	—	κατέστρεψεν	He overturned	—	\|	euertit	evertit	He overturned	ܝܘܢܐ	He overturned	κατέστρεψεν	He overturned
Next Fragment: Mark 11:27
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

And

και

And

ܘܥܠ

And

Καὶ

And

—

ἔρχονται

they come

—

uentium

veniunt

they come

ܝܫܘܥ

they come

ἔρχονται

they come

—

εἰς

—

εἰς

—

Ἱεροσόλυμα,

Jerusalem,

—

hierosolyma

Jerosolymam

Jerusalem,

ܠܗܝܟܠܐ

Jerusalem,

Ἱεροσόλυμα

Jerusalem,

—

καὶ

And

—

And

ܕܐܠܗܐ

And

καὶ

And

—

εἰσελθὼν

having entered

εισελθων

cum

having entered

—

εἰσελθὼν

having entered

—

ὁ

<the>

—

esset

—

ὁ

<the>

—

Ἰησοῦς

Jesus

—

intrauerunt

introisset

Jesus

ܘܫܪܝ

Jesus

Ἰησοῦς

Jesus

—

εἰς

into

εις

into

ܕܢܦܩ

into

εἰς

into

—

τὸ

the

—

τὸ

the

—

ἱερὸν

temple

—

templum

temple

—

ἱερὸν

temple

—

ἤρξατο

He began

—

cœpit

He began

ܠܐܝܠܝܢ

He began

ἤρξατο

He began

—

ἐκβάλλειν

to cast out

—

ejicere

to cast out

ܕܙܒܢܝܢ

to cast out

ἐκβάλλειν

to cast out

—

τοὺς

those

—

coepit

—

τοὺς

those

—

πωλοῦντας

selling

—

uendentes

vendentes

selling

—

πωλοῦντας

selling

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܡܙܒܢܝܢ

and

καὶ

and

—

τοὺς

those

—

ἀγοράζοντας

those

—

ἀγοράζοντας

buying

—

ementes

buying

ܒܗܝܟܠܐ

buying

ἐν

buying

—

ἐν

εν

inde

ܘܗܦܟ

τῷ

—

τῷ

the

τω

—

ἱερῷ

the

—

ἱερῷ,

temple,

ϊερω

templo

temple,

—

καὶ

temple,

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܦܬܘܪܐ

and

τὰς

and

—

τὰς

the

—

τραπέζας

the

—

τραπέζας

tables

—

mensas

tables

ܕܡܥܪܦܢܐ

tables

τῶν

tables

—

τῶν

of the

—

eicere

—

κολλυβιστῶν

of the

—

κολλυβιστῶν

money changers

—

nummulariorum

numulariorum

money changers

—

καὶ

money changers

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܟܘܪܤܘܬܐ

and

τὰς

and

—

τὰς

the

τας

—

καθέδρας

the

—

καθέδρας

seats

—

cathedras

seats

ܕܗܢܘܢ

seats

τῶν

seats

—

τῶν

of those

των

—

πωλούντων

of those

—

πωλούντων

selling

—

vendentium

selling

—

τὰς

selling

—

τὰς

the

τας

—

περιστερὰς

the

—

περιστερὰς

doves

—

columbas

doves

ܕܡܙܒܢܝܢ

doves

κατέστρεψεν

doves

—

κατέστρεψεν

He overturned

—

euertit

evertit

He overturned

ܝܘܢܐ

He overturned

κατέστρεψεν

He overturned

Next Fragment: Mark 11:27

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 11:15

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 11:15

Translation Lineage