The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ελαβενP75 | Seized | ἔλαβεν | Seized | ελαβεν | | | accepit | Accepit | Seized | ܘܐܚܕܬ | Seized | Ἔλαβεν | Seized | |||||
δεP75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
φοβοσP75 | fear | φόβος | fear | φοβος | | | omnes | omnes | fear | — | — | φόβος | fear | |||||
παντασP75 | all, | πάντας, | all, | παντας | | | timor | timor | all, | ܠܐܢܫܐ | all, | πάντας | all, | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܟܠܗܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εδοξαζονP75 | they were glorifying | ἐδόξαζον | they were glorifying | εδοξαζον | | | honorificabant | magnificabant | they were glorifying | ܘܡܫܒܚܝܢ | they were glorifying | ἐδόξαζον | they were glorifying | |||||
τονP75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
θνP75 | God | θεὸν | God | θν | | | dm | Deum | God | — | — | θεόν | God | |||||
λεγοντεσP75 | saying | λέγοντες | saying | λεγοντες | | | dicentes | dicentes | saying | ܗܘܘ | saying | λέγοντες | saying | |||||
οτιP75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | — | Quia | that | ܠܐܠܗܐ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
προφητησP75 | A prophet | προφήτης | A prophet | προφητης | | | profeta | propheta | A prophet | — | — | Προφήτης | A prophet | |||||
μεγασP75 | great | μέγας | great | μεγας | | | magnus | magnus | great | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | great | μέγας | great | |||||
ηγερθηP75 | was raised up | ἠγέρθη | was raised up | — | | | surrexit | surrexit | was raised up | ܕܢܒܝܐ | was raised up | ἐγήγερται | was raised up | |||||
ενP75 | among | ἐν | among | εν | | | in | in | among | ܪܒܐ | among | ἐν | among | |||||
ημινP75 | us! | ἡμῖν, | us! | ημειν | | | nobis | nobis | us! | — | — | ἡμῖν | us! | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܩܡ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οτιP75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | quia | that | ܒܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
επεσκεψατοP75 | Has visited | ἐπεσκέψατο | Has visited | επεσκεψατο | | | quoniam | Deus | Has visited | ܘܤܥܪ | Has visited | Ἐπεσκέψατο | Has visited | |||||
οP75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
θσP75 | God | θεὸς | God | — | | | uisitauit | visitavit | God | — | — | θεὸς | God | |||||
τονP75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | ds | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
λαονP75 | people | λαὸν | people | λαον | | | plebem | plebem | people | ܐܠܗܐ | people | λαὸν | people | |||||
αυτουP75 | of Him! | αὐτοῦ. | of Him! | αυτου | | | suam | suam | of Him! | ܠܥܡܗ | of Him! | αὐτοῦ | of Him! | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||