The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εστεP75 | Blessed | Μακάριοί | Blessed | μακαριοι | | | beati | Beati | Blessed | ܛܘܒܝܟܘܢ | Blessed | Μακάριοί | Blessed | |||||
μακαριοιP75 | are you | ἐστε, | are you | εστε | | | estis | eritis | are you | ܡܐ | are you | ἐστε | are you | |||||
οτανP75 | when | ὅταν | when | οταν | | | cum | cum | when | — | — | ὅταν | when | |||||
μισησωσινP75 | may hate | μισήσωσιν | may hate | — | | | uos | vos | may hate | ܕܤܢܝܢ | may hate | μισήσωσιν | may hate | |||||
υμασP75 | you | ὑμᾶς | you | ϋμας | | | — | oderint | you | ܠܟܘܢ | you | ὑμᾶς | you | |||||
οιP75 | <the> | οἱ | <the> | οι | | | quando | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | |||||
ανοιP75 | men | ἄνθρωποι | men | ανθρωποι | | | homines | homines | men | ܒܢܝܢܫܐ | men | ἄνθρωποι | men | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
οτανP75 | when | ὅταν | when | οταν | | | — | cum | when | ܘܡܦܪܫܝܢ | when | ὅταν | when | |||||
αφορισωσινP75 | they may exclude | ἀφορίσωσιν | they may exclude | αφορισωσιν | | | odierint | separaverint | they may exclude | ܠܟܘܢ | they may exclude | ἀφορίσωσιν | they may exclude | |||||
καιP75 | you | ὑμᾶς | you | — | | | — | vos | you | ܘܡܚܤܕܝܢ | you | ὑμᾶς | you | |||||
ονειδισωσινP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
καιP75 | they may insult you | ὀνειδίσωσιν | they may insult you | — | | | exprobabunt | exprobraverint | they may insult you | ܠܟܘܢ | they may insult you | ὀνειδίσωσιν | they may insult you | |||||
εκβαλωσινP75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | ܘܡܦܩܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
τοP75 | they may cast out | ἐκβάλωσιν | they may cast out | εκβαλωσιν | | | eicient | ejicerint | they may cast out | ܫܡܟܘܢ | they may cast out | ἐκβάλωσιν | they may cast out | |||||
ονομαP75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
υμωνP75 | name | ὄνομα | name | ονομα | | | nomen | nomen | name | — | — | ὄνομα | name | |||||
ωσP75 | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | ϋμων | | | uestrum | vestrum | of you | ܐܝܟ | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | |||||
πονηρονP75 | as | ὡς | as | ως | | | reprobent | tamquam | as | ܒܝܫܐ | as | ὡς | as | |||||
ενεκαP75 | evil | πονηρὸν | evil | πονηρον | | | malum | malum | evil | ܚܠܦ | evil | πονηρόν | evil | |||||
τουP75 | on account of | ἕνεκα | on account of | — | | | propter | propter | on account of | — | — | ἕνεκα | on account of | |||||
υιουP75 | the | τοῦ | the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
τουP75 | Son | υἱοῦ | Son | ϋιου | | | filium | Filium | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | υἱοῦ | Son | |||||
ανουP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | sicut | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
ἀνθρώπου.P75 | of Man. | ἀνθρώπου. | of Man. | ανθρωπου | | | hominis | hominis | of Man. | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man. | ἀνθρώπου | of Man. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||