The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ημεισP75 | We ourselves | ἡμεῖς | We ourselves | ημεις | | | nos | nos | We ourselves | ܚܢܢ | We ourselves | Ἡμεῖς | We ourselves | |||||
δεP75 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | autem | autem | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
ηλπικαμεP75 | were hoping | ἠλπίζομεν | were hoping | ηλπιζομεν | | | sperauimus | sperabamus | were hoping | — | — | ἠλπίζομεν | were hoping | |||||
οτιP75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | qui | quia | that | ܤܒܪܝܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
αυτοσP75 | He himself | αὐτός | He himself | αυτος | | | erat | — | — | ܗܘܝܢ | He himself | αὐτός | He himself | |||||
εστινP75 | it is | ἐστιν | it is | — | | | ipse | ipse | it is | — | — | ἐστιν | it is | |||||
οP75 | who | ὁ | who | ο | | | incipiebat | — | — | — | — | ὁ | who | |||||
μελλωνP75 | is about | μέλλων | is about | μελλων | | | saluare | esset | is about | ܕܗܘܝܘ | is about | μέλλων | is about | |||||
λυτρουσθαιP75 | to redeem | λυτροῦσθαι | to redeem | λυτρουσθαι | | | sed | redempturus | to redeem | ܥܬܝܕ | to redeem | λυτροῦσθαι | to redeem | |||||
τονP75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | et | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
ιηλP75 | Israel. | Ἰσραήλ. | Israel. | ϊσραηλ | | | israhel | Israël | Israel. | — | — | Ἰσραήλ | Israel. | |||||
αλλαP75 | But | ἀλλά | But | αλλα | | | etiam | et | But | ܐܠܐ | but | Ἀλλά | But | |||||
γεP75 | indeed | γε | indeed | γε | | | — | nunc | indeed | ܕܢܦܪܩܝܘܗܝ | indeed | γε | indeed | |||||
καιP75 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | in | — | — | — | — | σὺν | also | |||||
συνP75 | with | σὺν | with | συν | | | istis | super | with | ܠܐܝܤܪܝܠ | with | πᾶσιν | with | |||||
πασιP75 | all | πᾶσιν | all | πασιν | | | agit | hæc | all | ܘܗܐ | all | τούτοις | all | |||||
τουτοισP75 | these things | τούτοις | these things | τουτοις | | | omnibus | omnia | these things | ܬܠܬܐ | these things | τρίτην | these things | |||||
τριτηνP75 | the third | τρίτην | the third | τριτην | | | tertium | tertia | the third | — | — | ταύτην | the third | |||||
ταυτηνP75 | this | ταύτην | this | — | | | diem | dies | this | ܝܘܡܝܢ | this | ἡμέραν | this | |||||
ημερανP75 | day | ἡμέραν | day | ημεραν | | | ex | est | day | ܗܐ | day | ἄγει | day | |||||
αγειP75 | brings | ἄγει | brings | αγει | | | hodie | hodie | brings | — | — | σήμερον | brings | |||||
αφP75 | today | σήμερον | today | — | | | quo | — | — | ܡܢ | today | ἀφ’ | today | |||||
ουP75 | away from | ἀφ᾽ | away from | αφ | | | quoniam | quod | away from | ܕܗܠܝܢ | away from | οὗ | away from | |||||
ταυταP75 | which | οὗ | which | ου | | | haec | hæc | which | — | — | ταῦτα | which | |||||
εγενετοP75 | these things | ταῦτα | these things | ταυτα | | | facta | facta | these things | ܟܠܗܝܢ | these things | ἐγένετο | these things | |||||
ἐγένετο.P75 | came to pass. | ἐγένετο. | came to pass. | — | | | sunt | sunt | came to pass. | ܗܘܝ | came to pass. | ἐγένετο. | came to pass. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||