Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܟܕ	And	Καὶ	And
		—	ὡς	when	ως	\|	cum	ut	when	ܫܠܡܘ	when	ὡς	when
		—	ἐτέλεσαν	they had performed	ετελεσαν	\|	per	perfecerunt	they had performed	—	—	ἐτέλεσαν	they had performed
		—	πάντα	everything	—	\|	omnia	omnia	everything	ܟܠ	everything	ἅπαντα	everything
		—	τὰ	<the>	—	\|	nazared	—	—	—	—	τὰ	<the>
		—	κατὰ	according to	κατα	\|	secundum	secundum	according to	ܡܕܡ	according to	κατὰ	according to
		—	τὸν	the	τον	\|	dmi	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
		—	νόμον	law	νομον	\|	legem	legem	law	ܐܝܟ	law	νόμον	law
		—	κυρίου,	of the Lord,	κυ	\|	dictum	Domini	of the Lord,	—	—	κυρίου	of the Lord,
		—	ἐπέστρεψαν	they returned	—	\|	reuersi	reversi	they returned	ܕܒܢܡܘܤܐ	they returned	ὑπέστρεψαν	they returned
		—	εἰς	to	εις	\|	sunt	sunt	to	ܕܡܪܝܐ	to	εἰς	to
		—	τὴν	<the>	την	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὴν	<the>
		—	Γαλιλαίαν	Galilee	γαλιλαιαν	\|	in	in	Galilee	ܗܦܟܘ	Galilee	Γαλιλαίαν	Galilee
		—	εἰς	to	εις	\|	galilaeam	Galilæam	to	ܠܓܠܝܠܐ	to	εἰς	to
		—	τὴν	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὴν	the
		—	πόλιν	town	πολιν	\|	in	in	town	—	—	πόλιν	town
		—	ἑαυτῶν	of themselves	εαυτων	\|	ciuitatem	civitatem	of themselves	ܠܢܨܪܬ	of themselves	ἑαυτῶν	of themselves
		—	Ναζαρέθ.¶	Nazareth.	ναζαρεθ	\|	suam	suam	Nazareth.	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ	Nazareth.	Ναζαρέτ	Nazareth.
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܟܕ	And	Καὶ	And
	—	ὡς	when	ως	\|	cum	ut	when	ܫܠܡܘ	when	ὡς	when
	—	ἐτέλεσαν	they had performed	ετελεσαν	\|	per	perfecerunt	they had performed	—	—	ἐτέλεσαν	they had performed
	—	πάντα	everything	—	\|	omnia	omnia	everything	ܟܠ	everything	ἅπαντα	everything
	—	τὰ	<the>	—	\|	nazared	—	—	—	—	τὰ	<the>
	—	κατὰ	according to	κατα	\|	secundum	secundum	according to	ܡܕܡ	according to	κατὰ	according to
	—	τὸν	the	τον	\|	dmi	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
	—	νόμον	law	νομον	\|	legem	legem	law	ܐܝܟ	law	νόμον	law
	—	κυρίου,	of the Lord,	κυ	\|	dictum	Domini	of the Lord,	—	—	κυρίου	of the Lord,
	—	ἐπέστρεψαν	they returned	—	\|	reuersi	reversi	they returned	ܕܒܢܡܘܤܐ	they returned	ὑπέστρεψαν	they returned
	—	εἰς	to	εις	\|	sunt	sunt	to	ܕܡܪܝܐ	to	εἰς	to
	—	τὴν	<the>	την	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὴν	<the>
	—	Γαλιλαίαν	Galilee	γαλιλαιαν	\|	in	in	Galilee	ܗܦܟܘ	Galilee	Γαλιλαίαν	Galilee
	—	εἰς	to	εις	\|	galilaeam	Galilæam	to	ܠܓܠܝܠܐ	to	εἰς	to
	—	τὴν	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὴν	the
	—	πόλιν	town	πολιν	\|	in	in	town	—	—	πόλιν	town
	—	ἑαυτῶν	of themselves	εαυτων	\|	ciuitatem	civitatem	of themselves	ܠܢܨܪܬ	of themselves	ἑαυτῶν	of themselves
	—	Ναζαρέθ.¶	Nazareth.	ναζαρεθ	\|	suam	suam	Nazareth.	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ	Nazareth.	Ναζαρέτ	Nazareth.
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See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

Καὶ

And

και

And

ܘܟܕ

And

Καὶ

And

—

ὡς

when

ως

cum

when

ܫܠܡܘ

when

ὡς

when

—

ἐτέλεσαν

they had performed

ετελεσαν

per

perfecerunt

they had performed

—

ἐτέλεσαν

they had performed

—

πάντα

everything

—

omnia

everything

ܟܠ

everything

ἅπαντα

everything

—

τὰ

<the>

—

nazared

—

τὰ

<the>

—

κατὰ

according to

κατα

secundum

according to

ܡܕܡ

according to

κατὰ

according to

—

τὸν

the

τον

dmi

—

τὸν

the

—

νόμον

law

νομον

legem

law

ܐܝܟ

law

νόμον

law

—

κυρίου,

of the Lord,

κυ

dictum

Domini

of the Lord,

—

κυρίου

of the Lord,

—

ἐπέστρεψαν

they returned

—

reuersi

reversi

they returned

ܕܒܢܡܘܤܐ

they returned

ὑπέστρεψαν

they returned

—

εἰς

εις

sunt

ܕܡܪܝܐ

εἰς

—

τὴν

<the>

την

—

τὴν

<the>

—

Γαλιλαίαν

Galilee

γαλιλαιαν

Galilee

ܗܦܟܘ

Galilee

Γαλιλαίαν

Galilee

—

εἰς

εις

galilaeam

Galilæam

ܠܓܠܝܠܐ

εἰς

—

τὴν

the

—

τὴν

the

—

πόλιν

town

πολιν

town

—

πόλιν

town

—

ἑαυτῶν

of themselves

εαυτων

ciuitatem

civitatem

of themselves

ܠܢܨܪܬ

of themselves

ἑαυτῶν

of themselves

—

Ναζαρέθ.¶

Nazareth.

ναζαρεθ

suam

Nazareth.

ܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ

Nazareth.

Ναζαρέτ

Nazareth.

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Luke 2:39

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Luke 2:39

Translation Lineage