The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ηP3 · P45 · P75 | <the> | ἡ | <the> | η | | | martha | — | — | — | — | Ἡ | <the> | |||||
δεP3 · P45 · P75 | But | δὲ | But | δε | | | autem | autem | But | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | But | |||||
μαρθαP3 · P45 · P75 | Martha | Μάρθα | Martha | μαρθα | | | abalienabatur | satagebat | Martha | ܕܝܢ | Martha | Μάρθα | Martha | |||||
περιεσπατοP3 · P45 · P75 | was distracted | περιεσπᾶτο | was distracted | περιεσπατο | | | in | circa | was distracted | — | — | περιεσπᾶτο | was distracted | |||||
περιP3 · P45 · P75 | about | περὶ | about | περι | | | multum | frequens | about | ܥܢܝܐ | about | περὶ | about | |||||
πολληνP3 · P45 · P75 | much | πολλὴν | much | πολλην | | | ministerium | ministerium | much | ܗܘܬ | much | πολλὴν | much | |||||
διακονιανP3 · P45 · P75 | service. | διακονίαν. | service. | διακονιαν | | | quia | quæ | service. | ܒܬܫܡܫܬܐ | service. | διακονίαν | service. | |||||
επιστασαP3 · P45 · P75 | having come up | ἐπιστᾶσα | having come up | — | | | instans | stetit | having come up | ܤܓܝܐܬܐ | having come up | ἐπιστᾶσα | having come up | |||||
δεP3 · P45 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | et | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
ειπενP3 · P45 · P75 | she said; | εἶπεν· | she said; | ειπεν | | | dixit | ait | she said; | ܘܐܬܬ | she said; | εἶπεν | she said; | |||||
κεP3 · P45 · P75 | Lord, | κύριε, | Lord, | — | | | dome | Domine | Lord, | ܐܡܪܐ | Lord, | Κύριε | Lord, | |||||
μουP3 · P45 · P75 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܠܗ | not | οὐ | not | |||||
ουP3 · P45 · P75 | is it concerning | μέλει | is it concerning | μελι | | | est | est | is it concerning | ܡܪܝ | is it concerning | μέλει | is it concerning | |||||
μελειP3 · P45 · P75 | to You | σοι | to You | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | to You | — | — | σοι | to You | |||||
σοιP3 · P45 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | cura | curæ | that | ܠܐ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
οτιP3 · P45 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | dereliquid | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
ηP3 · P45 · P75 | sister | ἀδελφή | sister | αδελφη | | | soror | soror | sister | ܒܛܝܠ | sister | ἀδελφή | sister | |||||
αδελφηP3 · P45 · P75 | of mine | μου | of mine | μου | | | mea | mea | of mine | ܠܟ | of mine | μου | of mine | |||||
μονηνP3 · P45 · P75 | alone | μόνην | alone | — | | | adiubet | reliquit | alone | ܕܚܬܝ | alone | μόνην | alone | |||||
μεP3 · P45 · P75 | me | με | me | — | | | me | me | me | — | — | με | me | |||||
κατελιπενP3 · P45 · P75 | has left | κατέλιπεν | has left | κατελιπεν | | | solam | solam | has left | ܫܒܩܬܢܝ | has left | κατέλειπεν | has left | |||||
διακονεινP3 · P45 · P75 | to serve? | διακονεῖν; | to serve? | διακονειν | | | ministrare | ministrare | to serve? | ܒܠܚܘܕܝ | to serve? | διακονεῖν | to serve? | |||||
ειπεP3 · P45 · P75 | do speak | εἰπὲ | do speak | — | | | dic | dic | do speak | ܠܡܫܡܫܘ | do speak | Εἰπὲ | do speak | |||||
ουνP3 · P45 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܐܡܪ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
αυτηιP3 · P45 · P75 | to her | αὐτῇ | to her | αυτη | | | illi | illi | to her | — | — | αὐτῇ | to her | |||||
ιναP3 · P45 · P75 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | ܠܗ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
μοιP3 · P45 · P75 | me | μοι | me | — | | | me | me | me | ܡܥܕܪܐ | me | μοι | me | |||||
συνλαβηταιP3 · P45 · P75 | she may help! | συναντιλάβηται.¶ | she may help! | — | | | ad | adjuvet | she may help! | ܠܝ | she may help! | συναντιλάβηται | she may help! | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||