The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οP45 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | ad | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | And | δὲ | And | δε | | | ille | ille | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | |||||
ειπενP45 · P75 | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | He said | ܕܝܢ | He said | εἶπεν | He said | |||||
προσP45 · P75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | ad | to | ܝܫܘܥ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
αυτονP45 · P75 | him; | αὐτόν· | him; | αυτον | | | eum | eum | him; | ܐܡܪ | him; | αὐτόν | him; | |||||
ενP45 · P75 | In | ἐν | In | εν | | | in | In | In | ܠܗ | In | Ἐν | In | |||||
τωιP45 · P75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | lege | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
νομωιP45 · P75 | law | νόμῳ | law | — | | | quid | quid | law | ܒܢܡܘܤܐ | law | νόμῳ | law | |||||
τιP45 · P75 | what | τί | what | — | | | scriptum | scriptum | what | ܐܝܟܢܐ | what | τί | what | |||||
γεγραπταιP45 · P75 | has been written? | γέγραπται; | has been written? | γεγραπται | | | est | est | has been written? | ܟܬܝܒ | has been written? | γέγραπται | has been written? | |||||
πωσP45 · P75 | How | πῶς | How | πως | | | quomodo | quomodo | How | ܐܝܟܢܐ | How | Πῶς | How | |||||
αναγινωσκεισP45 · P75 | read you? | ἀναγινώσκεις;¶ | read you? | αναγεινωσκεις | | | legis | legis | read you? | ܩܪܐ | read you? | ἀναγινώσκεις | read you? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||