The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οἱP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | <the> | |||||
δὲP45 · P66 · P75 | And | ····· | — | — | | | a | Audientes | And | ܗܢܘܢ | And | δέ | And | |||||
ἀκούσαντεςP45 · P66 · P75 | having heard | ····· | — | — | | | autem | autem | having heard | ܕܝܢ | having heard | ἀκούσαντες | having heard | |||||
καὶP45 · P66 · P75 | and | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
ὑπὸP45 · P66 · P75 | by | ····· | — | — | | | unusquisque | unus | by | ܟܕ | by | ὑπὸ | by | |||||
τῆςP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | <the> | |||||
συνειδήσεωςP45 · P66 · P75 | conscience | ····· | — | — | | | — | post | conscience | ܫܡܥܘ | conscience | συνειδήσεως | conscience | |||||
ἐλεγχόμενοιP45 · P66 · P75 | being convicted | ····· | — | — | | | — | unum | being convicted | ܢܦܩܝܢ | being convicted | ἐλεγχόμενοι | being convicted | |||||
ἐξήρχοντοP45 · P66 · P75 | they were going away | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐξήρχοντο | they were going away | |||||
εἷςP45 · P66 · P75 | one | ····· | — | — | | | exiebant | exibant | one | ܗܘܘ | one | εἷς | one | |||||
καθP45 · P66 · P75 | by | ····· | — | — | | | incipientes | incipientes | by | ܚܕ | by | καθ’ | by | |||||
εἷςP45 · P66 · P75 | one | ····· | — | — | | | — | a | one | ܚܕ | one | εἷς | one | |||||
ἀρξάμενοιP45 · P66 · P75 | having begun | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἀρξάμενοι | having begun | |||||
ἀπὸP45 · P66 · P75 | from | ····· | — | — | | | — | senioribus | from | ܟܕ | from | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
τῶνP45 · P66 · P75 | the | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | |||||
πρεσβυτέρωνP45 · P66 · P75 | elder ones | ····· | — | — | | | et | et | elder ones | ܫܪܝܘ | elder ones | πρεσβυτέρων | elder ones | |||||
ἕωςP45 · P66 · P75 | until | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | until | |||||
τῶνP45 · P66 · P75 | of the | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | κατελείφθη | of the | |||||
ἐσχάτων,P45 · P66 · P75 | last | ····· | — | — | | | remansit | remansit | last | ܡܢ | last | μόνος | last | |||||
καὶP45 · P66 · P75 | and | ····· | — | — | | | solus | solus | and | ܩܫܝܫܐ | and | ὁ | and | |||||
κατελείφθηP45 · P66 · P75 | He was left | ····· | — | — | | | — | Jesus | He was left | ܘܐܫܬܒܩܬ | He was left | Ἰησοῦς | He was left | |||||
μόνος,P45 · P66 · P75 | alone, | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | alone, | |||||
ὁP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | <the> | |||||
ἸησοῦςP45 · P66 · P75 | Jesus | ····· | — | — | | | et | et | Jesus | ܐܢܬܬܐ | Jesus | γυνὴ | Jesus | |||||
καὶP45 · P66 · P75 | and | ····· | — | — | | | mulier | mulier | and | ܠܚܘܕܝܗ | and | ἐν | and | |||||
ἡP45 · P66 · P75 | the | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | μέσῳ | the | |||||
γυνὴP45 · P66 · P75 | woman | ····· | — | — | | | in | in | woman | ܟܕ | woman | οὖσα | woman | |||||
ἐνP45 · P66 · P75 | in | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐν | in | |||||
μέσῳP45 · P66 · P75 | the midst | ····· | — | — | | | medio | medio | the midst | ܐܝܬܝܗ | the midst | μέσῳ | the midst | |||||
ἑστῶσα.P45 · P66 · P75 | already standing. | ····· | — | — | | | — | stans | already standing. | ܒܡܨܥܬܐ | already standing. | ἑστῶσα. | already standing. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||