The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αμηνP45 · P66 · P75 | Amen | Ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | Amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | Ἀμὴν | Amen | |||||
αμηνP45 · P66 · P75 | Amen | ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | ἀμὴν | Amen | |||||
λεγωP45 · P66 · P75 | I say | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | |||||
υμινP45 · P66 · P75 | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܐܢܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | |||||
οτιP45 · P66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | — | | | qui | quia | that | ܠܟܘܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
οP45 · P66 · P75 | the one | ὁ | the one | ο | | | qui | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the one | |||||
τονP45 · P66 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | misit | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
λογονP45 · P66 · P75 | word | λόγον | word | λογον | | | uerbum | verbum | word | ܕܡܢ | word | λόγον | word | |||||
μουP45 · P66 · P75 | of Mine | μου | of Mine | μου | | | meum | meum | my | — | — | μου | of Mine | |||||
ακουωνP45 · P66 · P75 | hearing | ἀκούων | hearing | ακουων | | | audit | audit | hears | ܕܫܡܥ | hearing | ἀκούων | hearing | |||||
καιP45 · P66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܡܠܬܝ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
πιστευωνP45 · P66 · P75 | believing | πιστεύων | believing | πιστευων | | | credit | credit | believes | ܘܡܗܝܡܢ | believing | πιστεύων | believing | |||||
τωιP45 · P66 · P75 | in the One | τῷ | in the One | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | in the One | |||||
πεμψαντιP45 · P66 · P75 | having sent | πέμψαντί | having sent | πεμψαντι | | | ei | ei qui misit | him who sent | ܠܡܢ | having sent | πέμψαντί | having sent | |||||
μεP45 · P66 · P75 | Me | με | Me | με | | | me | me | me | ܕܫܕܪܢܝ | Me | με | Me | |||||
εχειP45 · P66 · P75 | he has | ἔχει | he has | εχει | | | habet | habet | has | ܐܝܬ | he has | ἔχει | he has | |||||
ζωηνP45 · P66 · P75 | life | ζωὴν | life | ζωην | | | uitam | vitam | life | ܠܗ | life | ζωὴν | life | |||||
αιωνιονP45 · P66 · P75 | eternal | αἰώνιον | eternal | αιωνιον | | | aeternam | aeternam | eternal | ܚܝܐ | eternal | αἰώνιον | eternal | |||||
καιP45 · P66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܕܠܥܠܡ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εισP45 · P66 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܘܠܕܝܢܐ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
κρισινP45 · P66 · P75 | judgment | κρίσιν | judgment | κρισιν | | | iudicium | judicium | judgment | ܠܐ | judgment | κρίσιν | judgment | |||||
ουκP45 · P66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܐܬܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
ερχεταιP45 · P66 · P75 | comes, | ἔρχεται, | comes, | ερχεται | | | uenit | venit | comes | — | — | ἔρχεται | comes, | |||||
αλλαP45 · P66 · P75 | but | ἀλλὰ | but | αλλα | | | sed | sed | but | ܐܠܐ | but | ἀλλὰ | but | |||||
μεταβεβηκενP45 · P66 · P75 | has passed | μεταβέβηκεν | has passed | μεταβεβηκεν | | | transiit | transiit | has passed | ܫܢܝ | has passed | μεταβέβηκεν | has passed | |||||
εκP45 · P66 · P75 | out of | ἐκ | out of | εκ | | | a | a | from | ܠܗ | out of | ἐκ | out of | |||||
τουP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
θανατουP45 · P66 · P75 | death | θανάτου | death | θανατου | | | morte | morte | death | ܡܢ | death | θανάτου | death | |||||
εισP45 · P66 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܡܘܬܐ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
τηνP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | τὴν | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | |||||
ζωηνP45 · P66 · P75 | life. | ζωήν.¶ | life. | ζωην | | | uitam | vitam | life | ܠܚܝܐ | life. | ζωήν | life. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||