The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | ostendit | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | |||||
γαρP66 · P75 | For | γὰρ | For | γαρ | | | pater | Pater | For | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | For | |||||
πηρP66 · P75 | the Father | πατὴρ | the Father | πατηρ | | | enim | enim | the Father | ܓܝܪ | the Father | πατὴρ | the Father | |||||
φιλειP66 · P75 | loves | φιλεῖ | loves | — | | | diligit | diligit | loves | — | — | φιλεῖ | loves | |||||
τονP66 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
υνP66 · P75 | Son | υἱὸν | Son | ϋιον | | | filium | Filium | Son | ܪܚܡ | Son | υἱόν | Son | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܠܒܪܗ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
πανταP66 · P75 | all things | πάντα | all things | παντα | | | omnia | omnia | all things | ܘܟܠܡܕܡ | all things | πάντα | all things | |||||
δεικνυσινP66 · P75 | shows | δείκνυσιν | shows | — | | | horum | demonstrat | shows | ܕܥܒܕ | shows | δείκνυσιν | shows | |||||
αυτωP66 · P75 | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | αυτω | | | ei | ei | to Him | — | — | αὐτῷ | to Him | |||||
αP66 · P75 | that | ἃ | that | α | | | quaecumque | quæ | that | ܡܚܘܐ | that | ἃ | that | |||||
αυτοσP66 · P75 | He himself | αὐτὸς | He himself | αυτος | | | ipse | ipse | He himself | ܠܗ | He himself | αὐτὸς | He himself | |||||
ποιειP66 · P75 | does, | ποιεῖ, | does, | — | | | facit | facit | does, | ܘܕܝܬܝܪܝܢ | does, | ποιεῖ | does, | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܡܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
μειζοναP66 · P75 | greater | μείζονα | greater | μειζονα | | | maiora | majora | greater | — | — | μείζονα | greater | |||||
τουτωνP66 · P75 | than these | τούτων | than these | τουτων | | | — | his | than these | ܗܠܝܢ | than these | τούτων | than these | |||||
δειξειP66 · P75 | He will show | δείξει | He will show | — | | | ostendit | demonstrabit | He will show | ܥܒܕܐ | He will show | δείξει | He will show | |||||
αυτωP66 · P75 | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | αυτω | | | ei | ei | to Him | ܡܚܘܐ | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | |||||
εργαP66 · P75 | works | ἔργα | works | εργα | | | opera | opera | works | ܠܗ | works | ἔργα | works | |||||
ιναP66 · P75 | so that | ἵνα | so that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | so that | — | — | ἵνα | so that | |||||
υμεισP66 · P75 | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | ϋμεις | | | uos | vos | you yourselves | ܕܐܢܬܘܢ | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | |||||
θαυμαζηταιP66 · P75 | may marvel. | θαυμάζητε. | may marvel. | θαυμαζητε | | | miremini | miremini | may marvel. | ܬܬܕܡܪܘܢ | may marvel. | θαυμάζητε | may marvel. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||