The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
διαP66 · P75 | Because of | διὰ | Because of | δια | | | propter | Propterea | Because of | ܘܡܛܠ | Because of | Διὰ | Because of | |||||
τουτοP66 · P75 | this | τοῦτο | this | τουτο | | | hoc | ergo | this | ܗܕܐ | this | τοῦτο | this | |||||
ουνP66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | — | | | magis | magis | therefore | ܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
μαλλονP66 · P75 | the more | μᾶλλον | the more | μαλλον | | | — | quærebant | the more | ܒܥܝܢ | the more | μᾶλλον | the more | |||||
οιP66 · P75 | were seeking | ἐζήτουν | were seeking | — | | | illum | eum | were seeking | ܗܘܘ | were seeking | ἐζήτουν | were seeking | |||||
ιουδαιοιP66 · P75 | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | — | | | iudaei | Judæi | Him | ܝܗܘܕܝܐ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | |||||
εζητουνP66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
αυτονP66 · P75 | Jews | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | ϊουδαιοι | | | occidere | quia | Jews | ܠܡܩܛܠܗ | Jews | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | |||||
αποκτιναιP66 · P75 | to kill, | ἀποκτεῖναι, | to kill, | αποκτειναι | | | non | non | to kill, | ܠܐ | to kill, | ἀποκτεῖναι | to kill, | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | because | ὅτι | because | οτι | | | solum | solum | because | ܒܠܚܘܕ | because | ὅτι | because | |||||
ουP66 · P75 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | solueret | solvebat | not | ܕܫܪܐ | not | οὐ | not | |||||
μονονP66 · P75 | only | μόνον | only | μονον | | | sabbatum | sabbatum | only | ܗܘܐ | only | μόνον | only | |||||
ελυεP66 · P75 | was He breaking | ἔλυεν | was He breaking | ελυε | | | sed | sed | was He breaking | ܫܒܬܐ | was He breaking | ἔλυεν | was He breaking | |||||
τοP66 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | et | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
σαββατονP66 · P75 | Sabbath, | σάββατον, | Sabbath, | σαββατον | | | patrem | patrem | Sabbath, | ܐܠܐ | Sabbath, | σάββατον | Sabbath, | |||||
αλλαP66 · P75 | but | ἀλλὰ | but | αλλα | | | suum | suum | but | ܐܠܐ | but | ἀλλὰ | but | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | dicebat | dicebat | also | ܕܥܠ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
πραP66 · P75 | Father | πατέρα | Father | πατερα | | | — | Deum | Father | ܐܠܗܐ | Father | πατέρα | Father | |||||
ιδιονP66 · P75 | His own | ἴδιον | His own | ϊδιον | | | quaerebant | æqualem | His own | ܕܐܒܘܗܝ | His own | ἴδιον | His own | |||||
ελεγενP66 · P75 | He was naming | ἔλεγεν | He was naming | ελεγε | | | se | se | He was naming | ܐܝܬܘܗܝ | He was naming | ἔλεγεν | He was naming | |||||
τονP66 · P75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | faciebat | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
θνP66 · P75 | God | θεὸν | God | θν | | | deo | Deo | God | ܐܡܪ | God | θεόν | God | |||||
ισονP66 · P75 | equal | ἴσον | equal | ϊσον | | | quod | Respondit | equal | ܗܘܐ | equal | ἴσον | equal | |||||
εαυτονP66 · P75 | Himself | ἑαυτὸν | Himself | εαυτον | | | — | itaque | Himself | ܘܡܫܘܐ | Himself | ἑαυτὸν | Himself | |||||
ποιωνP66 · P75 | making | ποιῶν | making | ποιων | | | dm | Jesus | making | ܗܘܐ | making | ποιῶν | making | |||||
τωP66 · P75 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | |||||
θωP66 · P75 | to God. | θεῷ. | to God. | θω | | | aequalem | dixit | to God. | ܢܦܫܗ | to God. | θεῷ | to God. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||