The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
τουτοP109 · P59 | This | τοῦτο | This | — | | | hoc | Hoc | This | ܗܕܐ | This | Τοῦτο | This | |||||
δεP109 · P59 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
ειπενP109 · P59 | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | He said | ܐܡܪ | He said | εἶπεν | He said | |||||
σημαινωνP109 · P59 | signifying | σημαίνων | signifying | — | | | significans | significans | signifying | ܕܢܚܘܐ | signifying | σημαίνων | signifying | |||||
ποιωP109 · P59 | by what | ποίῳ | by what | ποιω | | | qua | qua | by what | ܒܐܝܢܐ | by what | ποίῳ | by what | |||||
θανατωP109 · P59 | death | θανάτῳ | death | θανατω | | | morte | morte | death | ܡܘܬܐ | death | θανάτῳ | death | |||||
δοξασειP109 · P59 | he will glorify | δοξάσει | he will glorify | δοξασει | | | haec | clarificaturus | he will glorify | ܥܬܝܕ | he will glorify | δοξάσει | he will glorify | |||||
τονP109 · P59 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | honorificabit | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
θνP109 · P59 | God. | θεόν. | God. | θν | | | dm | Deum | God. | ܠܐܠܗܐ | God. | θεόν | God. | |||||
καιP109 · P59 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
τουτοP109 · P59 | this | τοῦτο | this | τουτο | | | cum | cum | this | ܐܡܪ | this | τοῦτο | this | |||||
ειπωνP109 · P59 | having said | εἰπὼν | having said | ειπων | | | illi | hoc | having said | ܗܠܝܢ | having said | εἰπὼν | having said | |||||
λεγειP109 · P59 | He says | λέγει | He says | λεγει | | | dixisset | dixisset | He says | ܐܡܪ | He says | λέγει | He says | |||||
αυτωP109 · P59 | to him; | αὐτῷ· | to him; | αυτω | | | dicit | dicit | to him; | ܠܗ | to him; | αὐτῷ | to him; | |||||
ακολουθειP109 · P59 | do follow | ἀκολούθει | do follow | ακολουθει | | | me | ei | do follow | ܬܐ | do follow | Ἀκολούθει | do follow | |||||
μοιP109 · P59 | Me. | μοι.¶ | Me. | μοι | | | sequere | Sequere | Me. | ܒܬܪܝ | Me. | μοι | Me. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||