The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ωσP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | When | ὡς | When | ως | | | cum | Ut | When | ܘܟܕ | When | Ὡς | When | |||||
ουνP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | — | — | οὖν | therefore | |||||
ηκουσενP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | He heard | ἤκουσεν | He heard | ηκουσεν | | | audisset | audivit | He heard | ܫܡܥ | He heard | ἤκουσεν | He heard | |||||
οτιP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | — | quia | that | ܕܟܪܝܗ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
ασθενειP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | he is sick, | ἀσθενεῖ, | he is sick, | ασθενει | | | infirmatur | infirmabatur | he is sick, | — | — | ἀσθενεῖ | he is sick, | |||||
τοτεP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | then | τότε | then | τοτε | | | tunc | tunc | then | ܟܬܪ | then | τότε | then | |||||
μενP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | indeed | μὲν | indeed | μεν | | | quoniam | — | — | — | — | μὲν | indeed | |||||
εμεινενP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | He remained | ἔμεινεν | He remained | εμεινεν | | | quidem | quidem | He remained | ܒܕܘܟܬܐ | He remained | ἔμεινεν | He remained | |||||
επιP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | — | | | mansit | mansit | in | ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
τωιP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | which | ᾧ | which | — | | | in | in | which | — | — | ᾧ | which | |||||
τοπωιP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | He was | ἦν | He was | — | | | ihs | eodem | He was | ܗܘܐ | He was | ἦν | He was | |||||
δυοP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | the place | τόπῳ | the place | τοπω | | | loco | loco | the place | ܬܪܝܢ | the place | τόπῳ | the place | |||||
ημερασP45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | two | δύο | two | δυο | | | duo | duobus | two | — | — | δύο | two | |||||
ἡμέρας.P45 · P6 · P66 · P75 | days. | ἡμέρας. | days. | ημερας | | | dies | diebus | days. | ܝܘܡܝܢ | days. | ἡμέρας | days. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||