The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
τουτοP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | This | τοῦτο | This | τουτο | | | hoc | Hoc | This | ܗܕܐ | This | Τοῦτο | This | |||||
δεP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
αφP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | from | ἀφ᾽ | from | αφ | | | ab | a | from | ܡܢ | from | ἀφ’ | from | |||||
εαυτουP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | himself | ἑαυτοῦ | himself | εαυτου | | | se | semetipso | himself | ܨܒܘܬ | himself | ἑαυτοῦ | himself | |||||
ουκP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܢܦܫܗ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
ειπενP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | he said, | εἶπεν, | he said, | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | he said, | ܠܐ | he said, | εἶπεν | he said, | |||||
αλλαP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | but | ἀλλ᾽ | but | — | | | sed | sed | but | ܐܡܪ | but | ἀλλὰ | but | |||||
αρχιερευσP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | high priest | ἀρχιερεὺς | high priest | αρχιερευς | | | cum | cum | high priest | ܐܠܐ | high priest | ἀρχιερεὺς | high priest | |||||
ωνP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | being | ὢν | being | ων | | | esset | esset | being | ܡܛܠ | being | ὢν | being | |||||
επροφητευσενP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | on the | τοῦ | on the | του | | | gente | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | on the | |||||
οτιP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | year | ἐνιαυτοῦ | year | ενιαυτου | | | princeps | pontifex | year | ܟܗܢܐ | year | ἐνιαυτοῦ | year | |||||
ημελλενP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | that | ἐκείνου | that | — | | | anni | anni | that | ܗܘܐ | that | ἐκείνου | that | |||||
ιηP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | he prophesied | ἐπροφήτευσεν | he prophesied | επροφητευσεν | | | illius | illius | he prophesied | ܕܗܝ | he prophesied | προεφήτευσεν | he prophesied | |||||
αποθνησκεινP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | profetauit | prophetavit | that | ܫܢܬܐ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
υπερP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | was about | ἔμελλεν | was about | — | | | — | quod | was about | ܐܬܢܒܝ | was about | ἔμελλεν | was about | |||||
τουP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | quia | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | <the> | |||||
εθνουσP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | ܗܘܐ | Jesus | ἀποθνῄσκειν | Jesus | |||||
ἀποθνῄσκεινP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | to die | ἀποθνῄσκειν | to die | αποθνησκιν | | | mori | moriturus | to die | ܝܫܘܥ | to die | ὑπὲρ | to die | |||||
ὑπὲρP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | for | ὑπὲρ | for | ϋπερ | | | — | erat | for | ܕܢܡܘܬ | for | τοῦ | for | |||||
τοῦP45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | the | τοῦ | the | του | | | incipiebat | — | — | — | — | ἔθνους | the | |||||
ἔθνους,P45 · P59 · P6 · P66 · P75 | nation, | ἔθνους, | nation, | εθνους | | | pro | pro | nation, | ܥܡܐ | nation, | ἔθνους, | nation, | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||