The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ηκουσενP66 · P75 | Heard | ἤκουσεν | Heard | — | | | audiuit | Audivit | heard | ܘܫܡܥ | Heard | Ἤκουσεν | Heard | |||||
οP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | quoniam | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ισP66 · P75 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | — | | | — | quia | because/that | — | — | ὅτι | that | |||||
εξεβαλανP66 · P75 | they had cast | ἐξέβαλον | they had cast | — | | | eiecerunt | ejecerunt | ? | ܕܐܦܩܘܗܝ | they had cast | ἐξέβαλον | they had cast | |||||
αυτονP66 · P75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | eum | eum | him | ܠܒܪ | him | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
εξωP66 · P75 | out, | ἔξω, | out, | — | | | et | foras | ? | ܘܐܫܟܚܗ | out, | ἔξω | out, | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
ευρωνP66 · P75 | having found | εὑρὼν | having found | — | | | — | cum | when/with | ܘܐܡܪ | having found | εὑρὼν | having found | |||||
αυτονP66 · P75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | inuenit | invenisset | ? | ܠܗ | him | αὐτόν | him | |||||
ειπενP66 · P75 | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | eum | eum | him | — | — | εἶπεν | He said | |||||
αυτωP66 · P75 | to him: | αὐτῷ· | to him: | — | | | dixit | dixit | said | ܐܢܬ | to him: | αὐτῷ | to him: | |||||
συP66 · P75 | You yourself | σὺ | You yourself | συ | | | et | ei | to him | ܡܗܝܡܢ | You yourself | Σὺ | You yourself | |||||
πιστευεισP66 · P75 | believe | πιστεύεις | believe | πιστευεις | | | tu | Tu | you | ܐܢܬ | believe | πιστεύεις | believe | |||||
εισP66 · P75 | in | εἰς | in | εις | | | credis | credis | ? | — | — | εἰς | in | |||||
τοP66 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
υιονP66 · P75 | Son | υἱὸν | Son | ϋιον | | | in | Filium | son | ܒܒܪܗ | Son | υἱὸν | Son | |||||
τουP66 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | hominis | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
ανουP66 · P75 | of Man? | ἀνθρώπου; | of Man? | ανθρωπου | | | filium | Dei | of God | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of Man? | θεοῦ | of Man? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||