The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
πανταP5 · P66 | All things | Πάντα | All things | παντα | | | omnia | Omnia | All things | ܟܠ | All things | Πάντα | All things | |||||
οσαP5 · P66 | as much as | ὅσα | as much as | οσα | | | quae | quæcumque | as much as | ܡܕܡ | as much as | ὅσα | as much as | |||||
εχειP5 · P66 | has | ἔχει | has | εχει | | | habet | habet | has | ܕܐܝܬ | has | ἔχει | has | |||||
οP5 · P66 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
πρP5 · P66 | Father | πατὴρ | Father | πατηρ | | | pater | Pater | Father | ܠܐܒܝ | Father | πατὴρ | Father | |||||
εμαP5 · P66 | Mine | ἐμά | Mine | εμα | | | mea | mea | Mine | — | — | ἐμά | Mine | |||||
εστινP5 · P66 | are; | ἐστιν· | are; | εστιν | | | sunt | sunt | are; | ܕܝܠܝ | are; | ἐστιν | are; | |||||
διαP5 · P66 | because of | διὰ | because of | δια | | | propter | Propterea | because of | ܗܘ | because of | διὰ | because of | |||||
τουτοP5 · P66 | this | τοῦτο | this | τουτο | | | hoc | — | — | ܡܛܠ | this | τοῦτο | this | |||||
ειπονP5 · P66 | I said | εἶπον | I said | ειπον | | | dixi | dixi | I said | ܗܢܐ | I said | εἶπον | I said | |||||
οτιP5 · P66 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | quia | that | ܐܡܪܬ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
εκP5 · P66 | from | ἐκ | from | εκ | | | de | de | from | ܠܟܘܢ | from | ἐκ | from | |||||
τουP5 · P66 | that which is | τοῦ | that which is | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | that which is | |||||
εμουP5 · P66 | Mine | ἐμοῦ | Mine | εμου | | | meo | meo | Mine | — | — | ἐμοῦ | Mine | |||||
λαμβανειP5 · P66 | He receives | λαμβάνει | He receives | λαμβανει | | | accipiet | accipiet | He receives | ܕܡܢ | He receives | λαμβάνει | He receives | |||||
καιP5 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܕܝܠܝ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
αναγγελειP5 · P66 | will disclose | ἀναγγελεῖ | will disclose | αναγγελει | | | adnuntiabit | annuntiabit | will disclose | ܢܤܒ | will disclose | ἀναγγελεῖ | will disclose | |||||
υμειP5 · P66 | to you. | ὑμῖν. | to you. | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you. | ܘܢܚܘܝܟܘܢ | to you. | ὑμῖν | to you. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||